We describe the natural history of a three-month-old patient with Hunter Syndrome with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) who developed recurrent diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patient underwent HSCT with several complications, including veno-occlusive disease and DAH.

We have identified an underrecognized severe adverse drug reaction (ADR) of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) associated respiratory failure in previously healthy children and young adults.

Coronavirus Disease-2019 presents risk to both patients and medical teams. Staff-intensive, complex procedures such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) may increase chances of exposure and spread.

The COVID-19 pandemic is amplifying historic inequities worldwide. These inequities include not only gender disparities, but also systemic racism and an overall lack of diversity and representation in all areas of professional life.

Here we describe 14 previously healthy children and young adults exposed to TMP-SMX before the development of fulminant respiratory failure, potentially reflecting a previously unappreciated, life-threatening ADR to TMP-SMX.

Pediatric oncology patients with sepsis are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality compared with pediatric patients without malignancy.

Pulmonary toxicity induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) has been described, although the disease process is poorly understood.